Peer to peer networking is a type of computer networking where each node in the network connects directly with every other node. This contrasts with the client-server model, where communication flows from one or more servers to clients. There are both advantages and disadvantages to using peer to peer networks, which we will explore in this article.
What is Peer to Peer Network?
A peer-to-peer (P2P) network is a type of decentralized network, where each node (computer or other devices) in the network can act as both a client and server. In other words, each node can request and provide resources to other nodes in the network without going through a central server.
Peer-to-peer networks first came into existence in the late 1990s with the popularity of file-sharing applications like Napster. These applications allowed users to share files directly between their computers, without going through a central server.
Today, peer-to-peer networks are used for a variety of purposes, including file sharing, online gaming, and streaming video and music. They are also being used to create decentralized networks that can bypass traditional centralized infrastructures like ISPs and governments.
How Does The P2P Network Work?
In a P2P network, nodes are organized into “peers” who share resources with each other. There is no central server in this type of network; instead, each node acts as both a client and a server.
For example, imagine you have a file that you want to download from the internet. In a traditional client-server network, you would need to connect to a central server that has the file and download it from there.
In a peer-to-peer network, however, you can connect directly to another computer that has the file and download it without going through a central server. This is possible because each node in the network can act as both a client and a server.
In the traditional client-server model, one device acts as a server and receives data from other devices. In peer-to-peer networking all devices have equal permissions for processing that information which eliminates scalability issues found with traditional operating systems because they can’t scale indefinitely without splitting their functionality apart or limiting what users are able to do on them at any given time due
In today’s world, there is an almost unlimited number of possibilities when considering how we might use technology such as computers; however, despite these advantages, it seems inevitable (and perhaps timely) given recent events that we should also consider the advantages and disadvantages of peer to peer networks.
Peer-to-Peer Network: Advantages and
| Advantages | Disadvantages |
|---|---|
| The cost of building and maintaining a p2p network is relatively inexpensive. | Virus risks rise with a peer to peer network. |
| A peer to Peer network is not dependent on a centralized system. | P2P networks often have very little security. |
| Peer to peer networks doesn’t require a network operating system. | Peer to Peer networking lacks the feature of centralization. |
| It reduces the need of technical staff. | Backup is way difficult in P2P networks |
| Internet speed may not impact the downloading time for your files. | Most peer to peer network is often used to transfer copyrighted content. |
Advantages of Peer-to-Peer Network
- Cost-Effective.
- High Reliability.
- Easy Implementation.
- No Special Administration is Required.
- Resource Sharing
Cost Effective
Possibly the most significant advantage of peer-to-peer networks is that they are extremely cost-effective. In traditional client/server models, it can be very expensive to maintain both the hardware and software required for each individual user. With peer-to-peer networking, however, all of this expense is eliminated because users share both the hardware and software resources.
High Reliability
Another advantage of peer-to-peer networking is that it is extremely reliable. In traditional client/server models, if the server goes down, the entire network goes down with it. With peer-to-peer networking, however, each individual node can continue to function even if other nodes are unavailable. This makes peer-to-peer networks much more resistant to failure. In peer to peer networking, each connected computer acts as a server and a workstation. Therefore, no need to use a dedicated server.
Easy Implementation
Peer-to-peer networks are also very easy to implement. In most cases, all you need is some basic hardware and software and you can get started immediately. There is no need for expensive servers or other specialized equipment.
No Special Administration Required
A peer-to-peer network does not require special administration. In traditional client/server models, the network must be administered by a dedicated team of IT professionals. With peer-to-peer networking, however, each user is responsible for administering their own node. This can save a lot of time and money.
Resource Sharing
One of the most important advantages of peer-to-peer networking is that it allows for resource sharing. In traditional client/server models, each user must have their own copy of the resources they need. With peer-to-peer networking, however, users can share resources such as files, applications, and printers. This can save a lot of time and money.
Disadvantages of Peer-to-Peer Network
- Decentralization.
- Performance.
- Security.
- Backup Recovery.
- Illegal Content Sharing.
Decentralization
One of the disadvantages of peer-to-peer networking is that it is decentralized. This can be both a good and a bad thing. The good thing about decentralization is that it makes the network more resistant to failure. The bad thing about decentralization is that it can make the network more difficult to manage.
Performance
A peer to peer networking can sometimes be slower than traditional client/server models. This is because each node in the network must process the data that it receives. In traditional client/server models, only the server needs to process the data.
Security
It is often less secure than traditional client/server models. This is because each node in the network is connected to every other node. This means that if one node is compromised, the entire network can be compromised.
Backup Recovery
It can be more difficult to recover from backups. This is because each node in the network must be backed up individually. In traditional client/server models, only the server needs to be backed up.
Illegal Content Sharing
It can be used to share illegal content. Most often peer to peer networks are used to transfer copyrighted content like movies, TV series, and games by implementing them into torrents.
How to Set up a Peer-to-Peer Network?
The first step is to decide what kind of peer-to-peer network you want to set up. There are two main types of peer-to-peer networks: local area networks (LANs) and wide area networks (WANs).
Local area networks are typically used in homes and small businesses. They are easy to set up and usually do not require any special equipment. Wide area networks are typically used in larger businesses and organizations. They are more complex to set up and usually require special equipment.
Once you have decided what kind of network you want to set up, the next step is to gather the necessary hardware and software. For a local area network, you will need a router, a switch, and some Ethernet cables. You will need a router, a modem, and a broadband connection for a wide area network.
After you have gathered the necessary hardware and software, the next step is to configure the network. This can be done using the software that came with your router or by using third-party software. Once the network is configured, you can start connecting devices to it.
Tips for using a Peer to Peer Network safely and effectively
- Use a firewall: A firewall can help to protect your network from attacks or viruses.
- Use encryption: Encryption can help to protect your data from being intercepted by others.
- Use a VPN: A VPN can help to encrypt your traffic and make it more difficult for others to track your activities.
- Be aware of the risks: Peer-to-peer networking can be used for illegal activities. Be sure to only download and share files from trusted sources.
- Use caution when sharing personal information: When sharing files on a peer-to-peer network between two workstations, be cautious about what information you include in the file. Personal information such as your address, phone number, and Social Security number should not be included.
Final Thoughts
While there are some disadvantages to peer-to-peer networking, the advantages outweigh the disadvantages. Peer-to-peer networking is an extremely cost-effective way to share resources and is much more resistant to failure than traditional client/server models. If you are looking for an easy way to implement a reliable and secure network, peer-to-peer networking is the way to go.
